Winchester Deadheading Guide: More Flowers, Less Work
Quick Guide to Deadheading
- What: Removing faded or dead flowers from plants.
- Why: Encourages more blooms, promotes stronger growth, tidies appearance, prevents unwanted seeding.
- How: Pinch soft stems, snip or prune harder stems below the spent flower, near leaves or buds.
- When: Regularly during peak blooming season (summer); ease off for most perennials in early fall (mid-Sept in Ottawa).
- Who: Benefits many annuals (Petunias, Marigolds) & repeat perennials (Roses, Coreopsis). Some plants (Echinacea, Sedum) are best left for winter interest/wildlife.
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Introduction: Hello Winchester Gardeners! Let’s Talk Deadheading!
Hello Winchester gardeners! And a big wave to our green-thumbed neighbours over in Greely and Metcalfe too! Ever wonder how some gardens keep looking vibrant all season long? One simple trick is often behind the magic: deadheading.
So, what *is* deadheading? Think of it like giving your flowering plants a neat little haircut. It’s simply the process of removing the old, faded flowers once they’ve finished blooming. It sounds easy – and it is!
But why bother snipping off those spent blooms? Oh, the benefits are brilliant! Deadheading encourages many plants to produce *more* flowers, extending their blooming season. It helps the plant redirect energy into stronger growth (think roots and leaves!) instead of wasting it on seed production. Plus, it instantly tidies up your garden beds and containers, improving your overall landscape appeal – no more sad, droopy flower heads hanging around!
Stick with us, and we’ll share practical tips tailored for succeeding with deadheading right here in our unique Ottawa area climate. Let’s get those blooms booming!
What Exactly IS Deadheading? (And Why Your Plants Will Thank You)
Okay, let’s dive a bit deeper into the nitty-gritty of deadheading!

Question: What Exactly IS Deadheading?
Answer: Think of a flowering plant’s main mission in life: to reproduce! Once a flower blooms and starts to fade, the plant thinks, “Job done! Time to make seeds!” It starts pouring all its energy into developing those seeds within the spent flower head. Deadheading is simply the act of removing these faded or dead flower heads *before* they get a chance to produce seeds. You’re essentially snipping off the old bloom and its little stem, usually down to the next set of leaves or a visible bud. It’s like tidying up after the flower’s big show is over.
Question: Why Will My Plants Thank Me (Especially Here in Winchester)?
Answer: Oh, let us count the ways! Giving your plants this “haircut” offers several fantastic benefits, making it a key task for savvy gardeners in Winchester, Greely, and across the Ottawa region:
- More Blooms, Please! This is the big one. By removing the spent flower, you interrupt the seed-making process. The plant often gets tricked into thinking, “Oops, didn’t succeed in making seeds, better try again!” This encourages many plants (like petunias, zinnias, marigolds, and roses) to produce *more* flowers. In our shorter Ottawa growing season, maximizing bloom time is a huge win!
- Stronger, Healthier Plants: Instead of wasting energy on seed production (which you just stopped!), the plant redirects that fuel into more important things – like stronger roots, healthier leaves, and sometimes even side shoots or new flower buds. Building robust roots and overall vigour is crucial for plants to withstand summer stresses and prepare for our chilly winters. This proactive care works hand-in-hand with doing a thorough .
- A Tidier Garden: Let’s face it, brown, wilted flowers aren’t the prettiest sight. Deadheading instantly cleans up the appearance of your plants and garden beds. It keeps your containers looking fresh and your overall landscape design looking sharp and well-maintained. A little snip here and there makes a surprisingly big visual impact!
- Potential Pest & Disease Prevention: Sometimes, those decaying, moist flower heads can become breeding grounds for fungal diseases or attract unwanted insects. Removing them promptly can help keep your plants healthier overall. Getting the technique right is part of good plant care, similar to understanding .
Quick Tip: How you deadhead depends on the plant. Sometimes you can just pinch the spent bloom off with your fingers (like with petunias). Other times, you’ll want clean scissors or pruning snips to cut the stem just above a set of healthy leaves or a node. And remember, take care of yourself too! Spending time bending and snipping? Have a look at these .
Making deadheading a regular habit is also something to keep in mind during your , as you might choose plants known for benefiting greatly from it.
So, you see, deadheading isn’t just fussy busywork. It’s a simple, effective technique to boost blooms, improve plant health, and keep your garden looking its best. If tackling this or other garden tasks feels overwhelming, remember there are professional Ottawa landscaping and yard maintenance services available to help keep your Winchester garden thriving. Your plants truly will reward your deadheading efforts!
Gearing Up: Tools and Techniques for Perfect Deadheading

Alright, let’s talk gear! You don’t need a fancy arsenal for deadheading, but having the right tools – and keeping them clean – makes the job much easier and better for your plants. Think of it like cooking; a sharp knife makes chopping veggies a breeze, right? Same idea here!
The Deadheading Toolkit:
Most of the time, you’ll only need one or two simple tools:
- Your Fingers (The Original Tool!): Yep, for many soft-stemmed plants like coleus or impatiens, you can often just pinch off the spent bloom and its little stem right between your thumb and forefinger. Easy peasy!
- Floral Snips or Small Scissors: These are great for plants with slightly tougher or thinner stems, like pansies or geraniums. They allow for a precise cut without crushing the stem.
- Hand Pruners (Secateurs): Your go-to tool for thicker, woodier stems like those on roses or shrubs. A good, sharp pair of bypass pruners (where the blades sweep past each other like scissors) makes clean cuts. Anvil pruners (where one blade crushes the stem against a flat surface) can sometimes damage plant tissue, so bypass is usually preferred for live stems. Choosing quality tools is part of smart gardening, much like our approach to Garden Material Selection Advice.
- Garden Shears: For plants that produce masses of small flowers (like creeping phlox after its main bloom, or maybe some types of lavender), shearing involves lightly trimming off the top layer of spent flowers all at once. It’s faster than snipping individually!
Keep it Clean, Folks! (Especially Here in Ottawa)
This is super important! Dirty tools can spread plant diseases like wildfire through your garden. Imagine snipping a diseased stem and then moving right along to a healthy plant – oops! Our sometimes humid Ottawa summers can make fungal issues spread quickly.
- Wipe Down: After working on one plant (especially if you suspect any disease), wipe your blades clean with a cloth dipped in rubbing alcohol or a diluted bleach solution (1 part bleach to 9 parts water).
- Regular Cleaning: Give your tools a proper clean after each gardening session. Remove sap and dirt.
- Sharpen Up: Sharp blades make clean cuts that heal faster, reducing entry points for disease. Dull blades crush stems, stressing the plant. If tool maintenance isn’t your favourite task, remember that professional Ottawa Landscaping and Yard Care Services often include these detailed practices.
Deadheading Techniques Demystified:
How you snip depends on the plant:
- Pinching: Best for soft stems. Pinch the stem just below the faded flower, ideally right above the next set of leaves or a developing bud. *Example:* Petunias, Coleus.
- Snipping: Use snips or scissors for slightly tougher stems. Cut the individual flower stem back to a main stem, a lateral leaf, or a side bud. *Example:* Marigolds, Zinnias, Daylilies (cut the whole stalk after all buds have bloomed).
- Cutting Stalks: For plants with flowers on long stalks rising from the base (like Hostas or Daylilies), cut the *entire* stalk off near the base once all the flowers on it are finished. This keeps things tidy and prevents seed pods. Healthy plants that recover well from this often benefit from good underlying Garden Soil Preparation Tips, giving them the nutrients they need.
- Shearing: Grab your shears for those mass bloomers. Lightly trim across the top of the plant, removing the bulk of the spent flowers. This often encourages a second, lighter flush of blooms. *Example:* Sweet Alyssum, Creeping Phlox.
Step-by-Step: Deadheading a Daylily (Easy Mode!)
Daylilies are popular from Manotick to Barrhaven, and deadheading them is straightforward:
- Identify: Look for the individual flowers on the main stalk (called a scape) that have wilted and closed up, looking mushy or brown.
- Pinch or Snip: Gently snap off *just* the spent flower head where it meets the little stem attaching it to the main scape. You can often do this with your fingers. Don’t remove the buds that haven’t opened yet!
- Wait for the Finale: Keep removing individual spent blooms daily or every few days as they fade.
- Cut the Stalk: Once *all* the buds on a single scape have bloomed and faded, use your hand pruners or snips to cut the entire scape off near the base of the plant, where it emerges from the leaves.
- Clean Up: Toss the spent flowers and stalks into your compost bin or yard waste bag. Keeping the garden free of debris is a big part of what our dedicated Winchester Garden Clean Up Service Crew focuses on.
See? Not so scary! With the right tool and technique, you’ll be deadheading like a pro, encouraging more beautiful blooms all season long. We really appreciate you taking the time to learn these tips – find more ways to connect on our Clean Yards Thank You Page. Happy snipping!
Winchester & Ottawa’s Favourite Flowers: Who Needs Deadheading (And How!)
Okay, garden pals! Now that we know *what* deadheading is and *why* it’s often a great idea, let’s get down to specifics. Not all flowers in our lovely Winchester, Nepean, or even Russell gardens play by the same rules. Some absolutely thrive with regular snipping, while others are perfectly happy (or even better off!) if you leave their spent blooms alone. Think of it like this: some friends love constant chatter, others prefer quiet contemplation. Plants are kinda similar!
Let’s break down some common flowers you’ll find blooming across Ottawa and figure out their deadheading preferences.
The Deadheading All-Stars: Snip Snip for More Blooms!
These plants generally reward your deadheading efforts with more flowers, a longer blooming season, or just a much tidier appearance.
- Petunias: Oh, the ubiquitous petunia! Whether cascading from hanging baskets in Barrhaven or lining garden beds in Osgoode, these guys are bloom machines. *How-to:* Pinch or snip off the faded flower *and* the little swollen bit behind it where the seeds start forming. Follow the little stem down to the main stem and snip there. This prevents sticky fingers and encourages more buds.
- Marigolds: Cheerful and generally easy-going. *How-to:* Snip off the spent flower head just below the bloom, down to the next set of leaves. This keeps them looking bright and prevents them from going to seed too early.
- Zinnias: These colourful beauties benefit greatly from deadheading. *How-to:* Cut the stem holding the faded flower back to a point where you see new buds or leaves emerging. This encourages branching and more blooms.
- Geraniums (Pelargoniums): A classic favourite! *How-to:* Follow the flower stalk down to where it meets the main stem and snap or snip it off cleanly at the base. Removing the whole stalk keeps the plant looking tidy and pushes energy into new growth.
- Salvia (Annual types like ‘Victoria Blue’): Those gorgeous spikes of blue or red look best when faded ones are removed. *How-to:* Once a flower spike starts looking mostly brown and spent, snip the entire spike off down near the base foliage. Often, this encourages new side spikes.
- Roses: Ah, roses. Most modern roses (Hybrid Teas, Floribundas) bloom repeatedly if deadheaded. *How-to:* Cut the stem bearing the faded rose back to the first five-leaflet leaf (or at least a healthy, outward-facing bud). Make the cut on a slight angle just above the leaf/bud. Proper rose care can really make a landscape pop – you can see examples of stunning yards in our Clean Yards Project Gallery.
- Coreopsis (Tickseed): These cheerful yellow perennials keep pumping out flowers if you keep removing the old ones. *How-to:* Snip off the individual faded flower stems back to the main foliage.
- Shasta Daisies: Keeping these classic white daisies deadheaded encourages more blooms. *How-to:* Cut the spent flower stem down to the base of the plant or near the foliage clump.
The “Leave ‘Em Be” Beauties (Or Deadhead Differently)
Some plants either don’t need deadheading for re-blooming, or their spent parts offer other benefits.
- Hostas: Once the flower stalk is finished blooming (usually lavender or white flowers), you *can* cut the whole stalk off near the base for tidiness. But deadheading individual flowers won’t make it re-bloom. Its main show is the foliage!
- Peonies: These bloom once magnificently in late spring/early summer. Deadheading the spent flower (cut stem back to a strong leaf) keeps it tidy and prevents fungal issues, but it won’t make it flower again that season.
- Astilbe: Their feathery plumes look lovely even when faded and dried, adding texture through summer and into fall. Deadheading isn’t necessary for re-blooming. Many people leave them for winter interest.
- Sedum (like ‘Autumn Joy’): A star of the fall garden! The flower heads start pink, deepen to rust, and then provide fantastic winter interest when left standing. Birds sometimes eat the seeds too! Definitely leave these alone after flowering. Tidying these up is often part of spring clean-up tasks, something the team handling our Metcalfe Property Cleanup Service knows well.
- Echinacea (Coneflower) & Rudbeckia (Black-Eyed Susan): These are fantastic for pollinators when blooming. Afterwards, leaving the seed heads provides valuable food for birds like goldfinches through the fall and winter. They also look quite structural and interesting against snow. Consider leaving them standing until early spring.
- Ornamental Grasses: Never deadhead grasses! Their plumes and seed heads are a major part of their appeal, providing movement, texture, and winter interest. Cut them back in early spring before new growth starts.
Quick Reference Table:
Plant | Deadhead? | How? | Why? |
---|---|---|---|
Petunia | Yes | Pinch/snip below flower & seed pod, back to main stem | More blooms, tidiness |
Marigold | Yes | Snip below flower head, down to leaves | More blooms, tidiness |
Zinnia | Yes | Cut stem back to new buds/leaves | More blooms, branching |
Geranium | Yes | Snap/snip entire flower stalk at base | Tidiness, encourages new growth |
Annual Salvia | Yes | Snip entire spent flower spike near base foliage | Encourages new spikes, tidiness |
Roses | Yes (most types) | Cut stem back to 5-leaflet leaf or outward bud | Repeat blooming, plant health |
Coreopsis | Yes | Snip individual spent stems back to foliage | More blooms |
Shasta Daisy | Yes | Cut spent stem down to base | More blooms, tidiness |
Hosta | Optional | Cut entire flower stalk at base *after* blooming | Tidiness only (doesn’t affect re-bloom) |
Peony | Optional | Cut spent flower stem back to strong leaf | Tidiness, disease prevention (no re-bloom) |
Astilbe | No | Leave plumes for texture/winter interest | Aesthetic value |
Sedum ‘Autumn Joy’ | No | Leave flower heads standing | Winter interest, bird food |
Echinacea/Rudbeckia | No | Leave seed heads standing | Bird food, winter interest |
Ornamental Grasses | No | Leave plumes/seed heads standing | Winter interest, texture, movement |
Managing a large garden with diverse needs across places like Winchester or Manotick can feel like a lot. If keeping up with deadheading and other maintenance feels overwhelming, don’t hesitate to Book a Free Landscaping Estimate to see how professional help can make your garden dreams a reality. Existing clients can easily manage their services through our Clean Yards Customer Portal. We truly appreciate homeowners who invest time in caring for their plants and local ecosystems – thank you! You can find more resources and contact info on our Clean Yards Thank You Page. Happy gardening!
Timing is Everything: Your Ottawa Seasonal Deadheading Calendar
Alright green thumbs, let’s talk timing! Deadheading isn’t just a summer fling; it has its rhythm throughout the Ottawa gardening year. Our growing season has its own unique schedule, influenced by those frosty goodbyes in fall and sometimes surprising hellos in spring. Getting the timing right means happier plants and a prettier garden for longer. Here’s a simple seasonal guide using a timeline:
Spring (Late April – Early June)
Focus: Clean-up & early bloomers. Deadhead early bulbs (tulips, daffodils) *after* flowers fade (leave foliage!). Snip spent stalks of early perennials. Prep for the main show!
Summer (June – August)
Focus: Peak performance! Regularly deadhead annuals (petunias, marigolds) & repeat perennials (roses, coreopsis) 1-2 times/week. Maximize blooms & tidiness.
Fall (September – October/November)
Focus: Winding down wisely. Continue deadheading annuals until frost. Stop deadheading *most* perennials mid-Sept to let them harden off. Decide which plants (Echinacea, Sedum, grasses) to leave for winter interest & wildlife. Integrate with general fall cleanup (garden clean up, yard cleanup). Consider help for larger tasks from services like Ottawa property cleanup or specific community services like Marionville property cleanup or Metcalfe property cleanup.
Winter (December – March)
Focus: Rest & planning. No deadheading. Enjoy winter structure. Clean tools. Dream of spring!
By tuning into Ottawa’s seasons, you can use deadheading strategically to keep your garden looking great for as long as possible! Happy gardening!
Visualizing the Impact: Why Deadheading Matters
To illustrate the potential benefits, here’s a simple chart showing how consistent deadheading might impact bloom count or plant vigour for responsive plant types over a season.
Potential Benefit of Deadheading (Illustrative)
Note: Represents potential increase in bloom duration/vigour for highly responsive plants. Actual results vary by plant type and conditions.
Smart Gardening: Eco-Friendly Deadheading and Disposal

Alright, let’s chat about keeping our deadheading habits as green as our gardens! Being mindful about *what* we do with those snipped stems and faded flowers is a big part of smart, eco-friendly gardening, especially here in beautiful Winchester and our neighbouring communities like Russell and Embrun. It’s not just about making the plants look good; it’s about doing good for our little patch of the planet.
So, you’ve diligently snipped off those spent blooms. Now what? Please, oh please, don’t just toss them in the regular trash! That’s a one-way ticket to the landfill, where organic matter doesn’t break down properly and can create harmful greenhouse gases. Not very neighbourly to Mother Earth, is it?
Instead, let’s embrace the circle of life, garden-style!
- Compost is King (or Queen!): The absolute best destination for most deadheaded flowers and stems is your compost bin or pile. Think of it as recycling plant power! Those faded blooms are packed with organic matter that will break down beautifully, creating nutrient-rich compost – aka “black gold” – to feed your garden beds next season. It’s a fantastic way to reduce waste and lessen your reliance on store-bought fertilizers. It’s a win-win! Find tips on composting from resources like the City of Ottawa or the Master Gardeners of Ottawa-Carleton.
- Ottawa’s Green Bin Glory: Don’t have a compost pile? No worries! Ottawa’s Green Bin program is your best friend. Most disease-free plant material, including spent flowers and stems, can go right into your green bin to be composted municipally. Check the City’s guidelines just to be sure, but generally, your deadheaded bits are welcome.
Beyond Disposal: Wildlife Welcomes
Eco-friendly deadheading isn’t *just* about disposal; sometimes, it’s about *not* deadheading! Remember those plants we talked about leaving alone in the fall, like Coneflowers (Echinacea) and Black-Eyed Susans (Rudbeckia)? Leaving their seed heads standing through fall and winter is a fantastic way to support local wildlife. Birds, especially little finches, adore snacking on those seeds when other food sources are scarce. It adds winter interest to your landscape *and* provides a crucial food source. How cool is that? You can learn more about gardening for wildlife from groups like the Canadian Wildlife Federation.
The Bigger Green Picture
This mindful approach ties directly into broader sustainable gardening practices:
- Reducing Waste: Composting or using the green bin dramatically cuts down on the garden waste heading to landfill.
- Building Healthy Soil: Using homemade compost improves soil structure and fertility naturally.
- Conserving Resources: Healthy plants, encouraged by proper deadheading and nourished by good soil, are often more resilient and may even use water more efficiently. It’s all connected!
Taking care of your garden responsibly is part of good stewardship. These practices are fundamental to effective garden maintenance. Sometimes, especially after a big gardening session or during seasonal transitions, you might end up with more green waste than your compost or green bin can easily handle. That’s where responsible help comes in handy. A professional Ottawa garden clean up service ensures that all plant debris is handled appropriately. For larger tasks that go beyond just the garden beds, considering a full property clean up ensures your entire space is tidy and waste is managed sustainably. This commitment extends to communities surrounding Ottawa too; for instance, responsible green waste handling is a key part of the Marionville property cleanup service. Whether it’s deadheaded flowers or fallen branches, an experienced Ottawa yard cleanup service knows how to deal with it all in an eco-conscious way. See our work on our Google My Business page!
So, next time you’re out there snipping away, give a little thought to where those spent blooms are headed. By composting, using your green bin, and selectively leaving seed heads for wildlife, you’re making your gardening efforts even more rewarding – for your plants, for wildlife, and for our shared Ottawa environment!
Quick Tip Box: Deadheading Do’s and Don’ts
Here’s the lowdown on giving your flowering plants the best kind of haircut:
- DO Snip Smartly: Make your cut just above the next set of healthy leaves, a visible bud, or back to the main stem (depending on the plant type). Clean cuts help the plant heal faster. Choosing plants that respond well to this is smart thinking right from the planning stage, like during a new garden bed installation.
- DON’T Just Yank the Petals: Pulling off only the colourful bits often leaves the seed-producing part behind, defeating the purpose! Plus, yanking can damage the stem. Aim for a clean snip or pinch that removes the whole spent flower structure. Letting faded blooms just sit there detracts from your landscaping efforts; keeping things tidy is easier than tackling a big mess later, which is a core principle of any good property clean up. Other services like mulching and edging also contribute to a tidy look.
- DO Know Your Plant: Remember, not every flower *needs* or *wants* deadheading! Some, like Echinacea or Sedum ‘Autumn Joy’, provide winter interest or food for birds if you leave the spent heads on. Others, like many annuals (hello Petunias in Nepean!), bloom way more if you snip regularly. A little plant knowledge goes a long way.
- DON’T Spread Germs: Seriously, clean your snips or pruners! Wipe them with rubbing alcohol, especially when moving between different types of plants or if you suspect any disease. Dirty tools are a prime way to spread problems through your garden beds.
- DO Dispose Responsibly: Toss those spent blooms and stems into your compost pile or Ottawa Green Bin! They’ll break down and return nutrients to the earth. Avoid the regular trash. Proper green waste disposal is essential, whether it’s a few handfuls or a larger volume needing attention, similar to how our dedicated Marionville yard cleanup service handles debris. This also applies to our services in other areas, like Marionville garden clean up.
- DO Enjoy the Results: Step back and admire how much tidier your plants look and watch for those bonus blooms your efforts encourage! Seeing a garden thrive is incredibly rewarding, something echoed in the happy comments found on our estimate feedback page and showcased in our transformation gallery. Happy snipping!
Your Winchester & Ottawa Deadheading Questions Answered (FAQ)
Okay, let’s tackle some of those common head-scratchers about deadheading that pop up for gardeners here in Winchester and across the Ottawa area. We get these questions a lot, so you’re definitely not alone!
Great question! For most perennials around Winchester and Ottawa, aim to stop deadheading by mid-to-late September. This tells the plant, “Okay, party’s over, time to toughen up for winter!” Continuing later can encourage weak growth that frost will zap. It’s part of the seasonal rhythm, much like knowing the right time for fall lawn care. Let those plants prepare for their winter nap! Remember to review our Privacy Policy and Terms and Conditions for service details.
Deadheading technique stays the same, but clay soil *does* impact overall plant health. Healthy, well-drained plants respond best! Improving heavy soil with compost helps roots thrive, making plants stronger and better able to produce more blooms after deadheading. Remember, good ground work helps everything – think proper soil preparation, which is also crucial for sod installation.
Ah, a common head-scratcher! Not all plants are programmed to re-bloom after deadheading (like Peonies or Astilbe). Sometimes deadheading just tidies them up and redirects energy to roots and leaves, which is still beneficial! Different plants have different habits; you can learn more about our team’s plant knowledge and approach if you’re curious about specific varieties in your garden.
Good clarification! Think of deadheading as the main job: removing faded flowers. “Pinching” is just *one way* to do it, usually using your fingers on soft-stemmed plants like Coleus or Impatiens. You might use scissors or pruners for tougher stems. So, pinching is a *type* of deadheading technique, not a separate task. Easy peasy!
Don’t panic! Roses are surprisingly tough cookies. Give it a good watering and maybe top-dress with a little compost around the base. Avoid fertilizer late in the season, as that pushes tender growth. Usually, they bounce back just fine next spring. If you’re really worried about a specific plant, feel free to contact us for specific advice. We’re happy to help!
Conclusion: More Blooms, More Beauty for Your Winchester Garden!
So there you have it, Winchester gardeners! Deadheading might seem like just another chore, but hopefully, you can see it’s one of the *best* little secrets for a truly spectacular garden. Think of it as whispering sweet nothings to your plants, encouraging them to keep dazzling you with colour. By snipping off those spent flowers, you’re not just tidying up; you’re actively telling many plants to produce *more blooms*, grow stronger, and make your landscape the envy of the neighbourhood.
Give these tips a whirl! Grab your snips (or just your fingers!), get out there, and see the difference a little regular deadheading can make. It’s a simple step towards a more vibrant and longer-lasting flower show right in your own backyard.
Of course, we know life gets busy, especially keeping up with yards in places like Winchester, Kenmore, or Vernon. If tackling deadheading, pruning, or other landscaping and garden maintenance feels like too much on your plate, the Clean Yards team is always ready to help!
Want even more tips tailored for our Ottawa climate? Explore our blog for other handy gardening guides! Happy deadheading, and here’s to a season filled with beautiful blooms!